We bring together the best for streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine. These streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine related items are among the most reliable and are at the cutting edge of technology. In addition, you may find an extensive range of other items that are closely related to streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine. We will continue to expand this streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine related line on an ongoing basis. Bookmark this streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine related online store now and re-visit us often for new items on streetwise guide chinese herbal medicine with a service that is second to none.

What For Is Cancer Staging Useful?
By Groshan Fabiola
Staging is used by the doctors to evaluate how much the cancer has invaded the organism and to decide further what methods of therapy to apply.

The colon cancer staging began with the Duke’s classification system which contained three stages: A, B, and C. After a while Astler-Coller brought modifications to this classification, adding one more stage: the D stage. In 1978 Gunderson & Sosin brought other modifications to the classification and a few years ago, the American Joint Committee on Cancer has come with a new classification called TNM containing four stages.

Nowadays the doctors use more often the TNM classification and the Duke’s classification in staging the colon cancer.

Duke stage A refers to the fact that the cancer affects only the mucosa of the bowel and does not get further to other structures of the colon.
Duke stage B1 shows that the cancer has reached the muscularis propria of the colon but did not get through it.
In Duke stage B2 the tumor has got through the muscularis propria of the colon.
In Duke stage C1 the cancer has reached the muscularis propria and has also affected the local lymph nodes.
In Duke stage C2 the tumor has got through the muscularis propria of the colon and has also reached the local lymph nodes.
Duke stage D shows that the cancer has spread towards other tissues and organs.

The TNM staging refers to tumor, nodes and metastasis.

T1: the cancer has affected the mucosa and the submucosa too.
T2: the cancer has extended to the muscularis propria.
T3: the cancer has passed through the muscularis propria and has reached the subserosa.
T4: the cancer has affected all the colon’s layers and it is spreading o the nearby organs.

N0: it means that no lymph nodes are affected yet.
N1: the cancer has affected 1 to 3 local lymph nodes.
N2: the cancer is found in more than 4 local lymph nodes.

M0: it means that no metastases are present.
M1: it means that distant metastasis can be seen.

Another classification which is more accurate contains both the Duke’s and the TNM classification.

Stage I: T1 N0 M0; T2 N0 M0 means that the disease has extended in the inner layers of the colon but it has not spread to other structures yet.
Stage II: T3 N0 M0; T4 N0 M0 means that the nearby structures of the colon and rectum have been invaded but the lymph nodes are clear.
Stage III: any T, N1-2, M0 refers to the fact that the lymph nodes are affected by the disease but the distant organs are still safe.
Stage IV: any T, any N, and M1 means that metastases have appeared, and so the cancer has spread to distant organs like lungs and liver.

For greater resources on colon cancer or especially about
{PS herbal - Herbs are a New Zealand reggae vocal group formed in 1979 once described as "New Zealand's most soulful, heartfelt and consistent contemporary musical voice". It has been said their debut EP Whats' Be Happen? "set a standard for Pacific reggae which has arguably never been surpassed". }

... target="_blank">metastatic colon cancer please visit this link www.colon-cancer-center.com/metastatic-colon-cancer.htm

Terms of Use: Any information or product displayed on this site or hyperlinked from this site is provided for information purpose only. You must always seek your own professional advice. The owners of this site disclaim any damage or liability resulting from the use of this site or from the use of any information or product displayed on this site or hyperlinked from this site. You are deemed to have unconditionally accepted these Terms of Use by using this website.